Standard piping is made inward a discrete issue of sizes that are designated yesteryear nominal diameters inward inches, every bit “inches IPS (iron piping size).” Table A5 lists closed to of these sizes alongside dimensions inward inches. Depending on the size, upwardly to fourteen dissimilar wall thicknesses are made With the same exterior diameter. They are identified yesteryear schedule numbers, of which the around mutual is Schedule 40. Approximately,
Schedule issue = K PIS,
where:
P = internal pressure, psig
S = allowable working stress inward psi.
Tubing for hecat exchangers, refrigeration, as well as full general service is made alongside odside diameters measured inward increments of 1/16 or 1/$ in. Standard size piping is made of diverse metals, ceramics, glass, as well as plastics.
Dimensional standards, materials of construction, as well as pressure level ratings of pipiing for chemic plants as well as crude oil refineries are covered yesteryear ANSI Piping Code B31.3 which is published yesteryear the ASME, latest result 1980. Many details besides are given inward such sources every bit C ocker as well as King, Piping Handbook (McGraw-Hill,
New York, 19\67) Pery’s Chemical Engineers Handbook (1984), as well as Marks Standard Handbook for Mechanical Engineers (1987). In sizes 2in. as well as less screwed fittings may live used. Larger joints unremarkably are welded. Connections to equipment as well as inward lines whenever require for disassembly is anticipated utilize flanges. Steel flanges, flanged fittings, as well as valves are made inward pressure level ratings of 150, 300, 600, 900, 1500, as well as 2500 psig. Valves besides are made inward 125 as well as 25Opsig shape iron. Pressure as well as temperature ratings of this equipment inward diverse materials of structure are specified inward the piping code, as well as are shown inward Chem. Eng. Handbook 1984, pp. 6.75-6.78.
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